DeFi
Nine Crypto Firms Launch Quantum Alliance to Set Post-Quantum Standards
Nine blockchain organizations—including Hacken, Midnight Foundation, Quantus, Postquant Labs, Keystone, American Fortress, Intmax, Abelian, and The Vault—formed the Quantum Alliance around October 15–16, 2026. Announced from Lisbon, the group aims to develop shared, testable standards for post-quantum readiness across networks, wallets, and infrastructure, modeled partly on open standards bodies such as the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
The alliance estimates that roughly 6–6.4 million BTC (about 30% of supply) have exposed public keys, including early pay-to-public-key outputs, reused addresses, and some attributed to early holders. At prices near $81,000–$81,500 around October 17, this exposure represents a substantial paper value. Current quantum computers cannot practically derive private keys from elliptic-curve signatures via algorithms such as Shor’s, but members differ on timelines—some project a realistic threat window by the late 2020s (around 2028), while others stress uncertainty and the need for migration planning regardless of exact dates.
Working groups cover blockchain migration (including handling exposed keys and dormant accounts), post-quantum zero-knowledge systems, wallet and key security, and cross-chain compatibility. The effort focuses on open guidance, public definitions of “quantum readiness” (covering signatures, key management, consensus, zero-knowledge proofs, and peer-to-peer connections), testing criteria, benchmarks, and reference designs rather than enforced upgrades. Proposals are intended to advance on public evidence and working implementations without voting weight tied to corporate size or token holdings.
Bitcoin and Ethereum continue to rely primarily on elliptic-curve signatures, which a sufficiently powerful future quantum computer could theoretically challenge. The alliance includes base-layer protocols, privacy networks, rollups, hardware wallet makers, and security auditors, spanning multiple layers of the stack. Members such as Quantus (which uses NIST ML-DSA from genesis) and Abelian (lattice-based) already incorporate post-quantum elements, while others focus on wallets, custody, and tooling. The initiative does not claim protocol-level changes for Bitcoin Core or Ethereum, emphasizing voluntary standards and testing to help the broader industry prepare.
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The rehabilitation trustee for the collapsed Mt. Gox exchange pushed the creditor repayment deadline to October 31, 2027, with Tokyo court approval. A notice dated October 16 from trustee Nobuaki Kobayashi extended the previous October 31, 2026 deadline by one year. Many creditors have still not completed the required procedures, while others have encountered processing issues that prevented payments.
Base repayments, early lump-sum repayments, and intermediate repayments have largely been completed for eligible creditors who finished the necessary steps and experienced no problems. The extension covers these three repayment categories under the rehabilitation plan. This is the fourth annual one-year extension since the original 2023 deadline. Repayments began in July 2024 through intermediaries including Kraken, Bitstamp, and BitGo, with more than 19,500 creditors reported as having received distributions by March 2025.
Wallets linked to the estate continue to hold approximately 34,388 BTC (roughly $2.8 billion at current prices), according to blockchain analytics data. The remaining balance has been relatively stable in recent months, with no major transfers reported since June. Analysts view the outstanding supply as limited relative to today’s Bitcoin liquidity and trading volumes, and no longer a major market overhang compared with earlier stages of the process when larger amounts were still pending.
The original rehabilitation plan covered roughly 142,000 BTC, 143,000 BCH, and ¥69 billion in cash. The latest delay provides additional time to complete remaining distributions where practicable, further postponing any potential incremental supply from the estate.
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